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Brechas salariales por género con un enfoque de ocupación y tamaño de empresa: descomposición por cuantiles
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Analiti a, Revista de análisis estadístico, Vol. 16 (2), 2018
BRECHAS SALARIALES POR GÉNERO CON UN ENFOQUE DE OCUPACIÓN Y
TAMAÑO DE EMPRESA: DESCOMPOSICIÓN POR CUANTILES
David Puebla*
Abstract
This paper analyzes the gender wage gap in the Ecuadorian private formal sector, using
administrative data from Laboratory of Labor and Business Dynamics of the INEC. The
results show that the conditioned average wage gap is four times greater than the
unconditional average gap (8.2% and 1.9%, respectively), and the conditional wage gap
increases along the distribution of wages as it compares high wage-earning men and
women. By firm size, the average unconditional salary is higher for women in medium and
large firms, however, this is due to a selection bias given by a high participation of male
workers in blue collar occupations. The results of the wage gap decomposition show that,
throughout the wage’s distribution, women have characteristics associated with better
wages than men -mainly education-, but with lower returns. Finally, in white collar
occupations, men have characteristics associated with high wages such as being married
and older. This suggests that women have a difficulty to access this type of jobs when they
reach a certain age or when they are married, which can be associated with household roles
such as childcare and domestic chores.
Key words: G
ender wage gap, decomposition by quantiles, firm size, occupation.
JEL Classification:
C10, J16, J24, J31.
1
El presente trabajo se desarrolló bajo el marco del proyecto de la Comisión Económica para América Latina
y el Caribe de las Naciones Unidas (CEPAL) “Mejores políticas para las micro, pequeñas y medianas
empresas en América Latina (EUROMIPYME)”, financiado por la Unión Europea. Los resultados, opiniones
e interpretaciones expresadas en este documento pertenecen al autor y no necesariamente reflejan el punto de
vista de CEPAL. *Consultor de CEPAL: David Puebla (david.puebla@hotmail.com)
BRECHAS SALARIALES POR GÉNERO CON UN ENFOQUE DE OCUPACIÓN Y
TAMAÑO DE EMPRESA: DESCOMPOSICIÓN POR CUANTILES
David Puebla*
Abstract
This paper analyzes the gender wage gap in the Ecuadorian private formal sector, using
administrative data from Laboratory of Labor and Business Dynamics of the INEC. The
results show that the conditioned average wage gap is four times greater than the
unconditional average gap (8.2% and 1.9%, respectively), and the conditional wage gap
increases along the distribution of wages as it compares high wage-earning men and
women. By firm size, the average unconditional salary is higher for women in medium and
large firms, however, this is due to a selection bias given by a high participation of male
workers in blue collar occupations. The results of the wage gap decomposition show that,
throughout the wage’s distribution, women have characteristics associated with better
wages than men -mainly education-, but with lower returns. Finally, in white collar
occupations, men have characteristics associated with high wages such as being married
and older. This suggests that women have a difficulty to access this type of jobs when they
reach a certain age or when they are married, which can be associated with household roles
such as childcare and domestic chores.
Key words: G
ender wage gap, decomposition by quantiles, firm size, occupation.
JEL Classification:
C10, J16, J24, J31.
1
El presente trabajo se desarrolló bajo el marco del proyecto de la Comisión Económica para América Latina
y el Caribe de las Naciones Unidas (CEPAL) “Mejor s políticas para las micro, p queñas y medianas
empresas en mérica Latina (EUROMIPYME)”, financiado por la Unión Europea. Los resultados, opiniones
e interpretaciones expresadas en este documento pertenecen al autor y no necesariamente reflejan el punto de
vista de CEPAL. *Consultor de CEPAL: David Puebla (david.puebla@hotmail.com)